LDR-50

L. Sokka, H. Kirppu, J. Leppänen

The LDR-50 low-temperature nuclear reactor is designed for the Finnish and European district heating markets, as an environmentally sustainable heating option for the 2030s. While the carbon footprint of conventional electricity-producing reactors is known to be small, there have been no comprehensive studies on the emission reduction potential when the technology is applied to the heating sector. This paper aims to fill this knowledge gap by means of life cycle assessment (LCA) analysis. The carbon footprint of the LDR-50 heating plant is evaluated, and compared to conventional heating fuels, direct electric heating, and heat pumps. The results of the analysis show that the life cycle CO2 emissions are low, although there are still significant uncertainties related to the construction phase, due to missing data. In addition to carbon footprint, the analysis is also extended to other adverse environmental impacts. It is concluded that significant reductions in CO2 emissions can be achieved by replacing fossil heating fuels with nuclear energy. The technology is considered a viable option alongside biofuels and heat pumps. The overall environmental impacts are low, and the production does not compete for low-carbon electricity or scarce natural resources.

Peter L. Lee, Karen Ruth, Douglas Y Lee, M. Hallman, D. Chen, J. K. Wong, Andres F Correa, I. Veltchev, Teh Lin, Xiaoming Chen, J. Panetta, A. Kutikov, E. Horwitz

Purpose: We aim to investigate perioperative and subacute postoperative complications in patients undergoing LDR or HDR monotherapy for prostate cancer. We hypothesize a low rate of complications, and a favorable toxicity profile in patients treated with HDR compared to LDR. Materials and Methods: A prospectively collected institutional database was queried for patients treated with HDR or LDR prostate monotherapy between 1998–2021. Toxicities were determined per CTCAE. Claims based billing codes were obtained to identify additional events. Events occurring within 4 months of treatment were defined as perioperative or subacute postoperative complications. Results: 759 patients were identified, 446 received LDR with 125I, and 313 received HDR with 192Ir. HDR patients had higher risk features: 75.7% with Gleason score 7+ vs 2.4% of LDR, and 16% with initial PSA 10+ ng/mL vs 2.7% of LDR. Toxicities were mild with the most common being grade 1 GU frequency and nocturia at ~50%. HDR patients had significantly less grade 2 dysuria (2.6% vs 9.0%), frequency (4.8% vs 9.4%), hematuria (1.0% vs 5.2%), nocturia (3.8% vs 9.4%), and urinary obstructive symptoms (7.3% vs 11.2%), all statistically significant. 11 (1.4%) patients had infection requiring antibiotics: 8 (1.8%) from the LDR group and 3 (1%) from the HDR group. Cardiopulmonary events were low at <2% overall, without difference between HDR and LDR. Conclusions: Overall toxicity rates support the safety of prostate brachytherapy. HDR monotherapy is associated with significantly less perioperative and subacute post-operative GU events when compared to LDR monotherapy. Cardiopulmonary events were equally rare in both groups.

J. Leppänen, V. Valtavirta, R. Komu

Robin Robin

Anjelika Bella Cantika, Maxqulin, Merry Rusida S

Examining and assessing the effects of The purpose the loan to deposit ratio (LDR) and return on assets (ROA) of financial institutions listed on the Indonesian Stock Market in relation to non-performing loans (NPL). The nature of this study methodology is quantitative. The study sample consists of ten banking organizations that are registered on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (Persero) Tbk and have financial reports covering a five-year period, from 2018 to 2022. This implies that there are a total of 50 samples (10 x 5). The study finds that for every additional person who raises the quantity of non-performing loans (NPL) (x1) while keeping the loan to deposit ratio (LDR) constant (x2), profitability will drop by an average of –1,268. This implies the existence of non-performing loans (NPL). little effect on the financial success ofbanking companies listed on the IDX; nonetheless, the profit margin will lose an average of 5,255 if the Loan To Deposit Ratio (LDR) (x2) rises by one while the Non-Performing Loans (NPL) (x1) stay the same. It is clear from this how much each predictor effects the response variables and how the Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) affects the profitability of banks listed on the BEI. This suggests that the criteria of Non-Performing Loan (NPL) and Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) have a big influence on the bank profitability displayed on the IDX. Liability to Deposit Ratio (LDR) and Non-Performing Loans (NPL) together have an influence of 0.308, or 30.8%, while additional factors not covered in this study account for the remaining 69.2%