
Microsoft、ユーザーの猛反発によりExchange Onlineの「1日2,000件」外部送信制限を完全撤回
2026年1月7日(現地時間)、MicrosoftはExchange Onlineにおいて計画していた「メールボックスごとの外部受信者レート制限(External Recipient Rate Limit: ERR)」の […]
Recipient Rate Limit is an existing security boundary in Exchange Online that limits the total number of recipients (both internal and external) a single mailbox can send to within a 24-hour period. As of the current policy, this limit is typically set at 10,000 recipients to prevent mass-mailing abuse and ensure service stability.
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to show that the chronotropic potential of the well trained heart transplant recipient (HTR) does not limit exercise capacity. BACKGROUND Chronotropic incompetence is considered to be the main limiting factor of the functional capacity of heart transplant recipients. However, no systematic study had been published on patients who had spontaneously undergone heavy endurance training for several years. METHODS Heart rate (HR) and respiratory gas exchanges (VO2, VCO2, VE) were measured in 14 trained HTRs (T-HTRs) during exercise tests on a bicycle, on a treadmill and by Holter electrocardiography during a race. RESULTS Peak values observed in T-HTRs during the treadmill test were higher than those reached during the bicycle test (VO2peak: 39.8+/-6.9 vs. 32.5+/-7.8 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1), p < 0.001; HRpeak: 169+/-14 vs. 159+/-16 bpm, p < 0.01). During treadmill exercise VO2peak and HRpeak values observed were very close to the mean predicted VO2pmax and HRpmax. The maximum heart rate during the race (HRrace) was greater than HRpeak values during the treadmill test (179+/-14 vs 169+/-14 bpm, p < 0.01) and slightly above the mean predicted values (HRrace/HRpmax X 100 = 101+/-10%). The treadmill exercise test yields more reliable data than does the bicycle test. CONCLUSIONS Extensive endurance training enables heart transplant recipients to reach physical fitness levels similar to those of normal sedentary subjects; heart rate does not limit their exercise capacity.
Listed pediatric heart transplant patients have the highest solid‐organ waitlist mortality rate. The donor‐recipient body weight (DRBW) ratio is the clinical standard for allograft size matching but may unnecessarily limit a patient's donor pool. To overcome DRBW ratio limitations, two methods of performing virtual heart transplant fit assessments were developed that account for patient‐specific nuances. Method 1 uses an allograft total cardiac volume (TCV) prediction model informed by patient data wherein a matched allograft 3‐D reconstruction is selected from a virtual library for assessment. Method 2 uses donor images for a direct virtual transplant assessment.