PwC

Deqing Sun, Xiaodong Yang, Ming-Yu Liu, Jan Kautz

We present a compact but effective CNN model for optical flow, called PWC-Net. PWC-Net has been designed according to simple and well-established principles: pyramidal processing, warping, and the use of a cost volume. Cast in a learnable feature pyramid, PWC-Net uses the current optical flow estimate to warp the CNN features of the second image. It then uses the warped features and features of the first image to construct a cost volume, which is processed by a CNN to estimate the optical flow. PWC-Net is 17 times smaller in size and easier to train than the recent FlowNet2 model. Moreover, it outperforms all published optical flow methods on the MPI Sintel final pass and KITTI 2015 benchmarks, running at about 35 fps on Sintel resolution (1024 × 436) images. Our models are available on our project website.

Marius-F. Danca, Michal Feckan, N. Kuznetsov, Guanrong Chen

In this paper, a continuous approximation to studying a class of PWC systems of fractional-order is presented. Some known results of set-valued analysis and differential inclusions are utilized. The example of a hyperchaotic PWC system of fractional order is analyzed. It is found that without equilibria, the system has hidden attractors.

Deqing Sun, Xiaodong Yang, Ming-Yu Liu, Jan Kautz

Diana Cozmiuc, Richard Pettinger

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Min Zhu, Jiahua Gu, Guixin Li

Reducing network energy consumption and offering low-latency service quality have been the pursued goals in broadband passive optical networks (PONs). To realize these goals, energy-efficient dynamic bandwidth allocation (DBA) has been extensively studied. Nevertheless, few of these DBA schemes can effectively support low-latency and low-energy requirements, simultaneously. For these existing DBA schemes, the adopted energy-saving methods by sleeping some network elements would not handle the mismatch between the upstream and downstream bandwidth required by an optical network unit (ONU), which brings in a longer active window for each ONU and thus larger packet latencies. In this paper, an energy-efficient low-latency DBA scheme is proposed based on a novel pairwise combination (PWC) method. The essence of the PWC method is to compact the polling cycle length as much as possible by dynamically paring any two ONUs in complementary ways, which in turn also improves latency performance of data packets (i.e., quality of service (QoS)). Moreover, we introduce a multiple-state energy-saving mode into the proposed DBA scheme to reduce the PON energy consumption, with the consideration of both the upstream (US) and downstream (DS) transmissions. We establish an energy saving model for the proposed PWC-PON compared with the PONs with the existing DBA schemes, and also present a comprehensive M/G/1 queuing analysis with modification for the data latency performance. Extensive theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the proposed PWC-PON can reduce US and DS latency by 50% compared with the existing Gate Service (GS)-based DBA scheme. The energy saving efficiency is up to 3.5% higher than the benchmark when the US traffic load is light. It suggests that our PWC-based DBA scheme cannot only reduce the energy consumption, but also reduce the packet latency for PON system.